Research on BIM-Based Construction Design Methods for Building Main Structures
基于BIM的建筑主体结构施工设计方法研究

摘要

伴随着我国建筑业信息化程度不断提高，基于BIM主体结构施工设计得到越来越广泛的应用。本文详细介绍了基于BIM主体结构施工设计方案，主要从施工模型建立、施工现场布置、施工过程仿真三个方面进行论述。指出了BIM技术应用于施工期的重要作用及其前提条件，制定了结构施工模型建模要求及精度控制措施，在此基础上详细说明了钢筋及复杂节点建模、模型整合检查的方法。同时对基于BIM施工现场三维布置、大型机械布置、重要环节施工仿真及施工方案可视化交底等方面进行了探讨。研究发现，BIM技术可以有效解决传统施工设计中存在“信息孤岛”、“碰撞频繁”、“难以及时变更”等问题，在建立精细模型基础上进行全生命周期施工仿真，有利于提高施工设计合理性和可行性，便于施工现场施工。

Abstract

With the continuous improvement of informatization in China’s construction industry, BIM-based construction design for building main structures has been increasingly applied in engineering practice. This paper provides a detailed introduction to BIM-based construction design schemes for main structures, mainly from three aspects: construction model development, construction site layout, and construction process simulation. It identifies the important role of BIM technology during the construction phase as well as the prerequisites for its effective application, and establishes modeling requirements and precision control measures for structural construction models. On this basis, the methods for reinforcement modeling, complex joint modeling, and integrated model checking are described in detail. In addition, the paper discusses BIM-based three-dimensional construction site layout, the arrangement of large-scale machinery, simulation of key construction procedures, and visualized technical disclosure of construction schemes. The study shows that BIM technology can effectively address problems in traditional construction design, such as “information silos,” frequent clashes, and difficulty in making timely modifications. Conducting life-cycle construction simulation on the basis of a refined model helps improve the rationality and feasibility of construction design and facilitates on-site construction implementation.