Research on the Causes of Uneven Settlement in Highway Subgrades and Treatment Technologies
公路路基不均匀沉降成因及处治技术研究

摘要

公路工程运行过程中，路基不均匀沉降易引发路面开裂、结构变形及行车舒适性下降等问题，对道路安全与使用性能产生显著影响。结合路基工程特点，对不均匀沉降的形成机制进行系统分析，重点从地基土性质、填筑施工控制、地下水及排水条件等方面探讨影响因素。在此基础上提出针对性的处治技术，包括地基加固处理、填筑压实控制及排水结构优化等措施，以提升路基整体稳定性与承载能力。相关技术对减少沉降差异、延长公路结构使用寿命具有积极价值。

Abstract

 During highway operation, uneven settlement of subgrades can easily lead to problems such as pavement cracking, structural deformation, and reduced driving comfort, thereby significantly affecting road safety and service performance. In light of the characteristics of subgrade engineering, this paper systematically analyzes the formation mechanisms of uneven settlement, with a focus on influencing factors such as subsoil properties, fill placement and compaction control, groundwater conditions, and drainage conditions. On this basis, targeted treatment technologies are proposed, including foundation reinforcement, control of embankment filling and compaction, and optimization of drainage structures, so as to improve the overall stability and bearing capacity of the subgrade. These technologies are of practical value in reducing differential settlement and extending the service life of highway structures.