Research on Building Structure Inspection and Safety Assessment Technologies
建筑结构检测与安全评估技术研究

摘要

建筑结构检测与安全评价是保证工程质量、延长结构寿命、防止事故发生的必备工程技术措施。面对我国城镇化从增量建设到存量更新的发展趋势下，对既有结构的安全问题也越来越重视。本文针对建筑结构检测及安全评价的基本原理，主要技术以及应用进行系统的阐述，在检测方面着重介绍结构材料性能检测、构件尺寸和缺陷检测、无损检测的应用、结构变形裂缝检测等方法；在安全评价中主要分析结构承载力评定、耐久性和稳定性评价、利用统计数据进行评定等方式。研究发现，构建系统的检测技术体系、推广信息技术和智能技术的应用是提高检测评价质量的有效方式之一，本文可用于建筑结构检测评价工程领域应用和技术的研究借鉴。

Abstract

Building structure inspection and safety assessment are essential engineering measures for ensuring project quality, extending structural service life, and preventing accidents. With China’s urbanization shifting from incremental construction to the renewal of existing building stock, increasing attention has been paid to the safety of existing structures. Focusing on the basic principles, major technologies, and applications of building structure inspection and safety assessment, this paper provides a systematic discussion of relevant methods. In terms of inspection, it mainly introduces methods such as testing of structural material properties, measurement of component dimensions and defect detection, application of nondestructive testing, and detection of structural deformation and cracks. In terms of safety assessment, it mainly analyzes approaches including evaluation of structural bearing capacity, assessment of durability and stability, and assessment based on statistical data. The study shows that establishing a systematic inspection technology framework and promoting the application of information technology and intelligent technologies are effective ways to improve the quality of inspection and assessment. This paper may serve as a reference for research and practice in the field of building structure inspection and assessment engineering.