Study on Problems Existing in the Operation and Management of Nuerjia Reservoir and Optimization Countermeasures
努尔加水库运行管理存在问题及优化对策探究

摘要

努尔加水库是新疆昌吉市三屯河流域的重要中型水利设施，兼具城乡供水、防洪调蓄、农业灌溉、生态补水等多种作用，在当地水资源调配和经济发展上发挥了巨大作用。但是由于水库运营时间过长出现了一些运营管理方面的问题，例如进库道路仅一条致使极端恶劣天气下进出困难、城市供水依靠单一引水渠道无法进行定期的安全检修、库区泥沙沉积使有效库容量下降、城乡供水水质达不到高标准农田的要求、灌区供水调蓄方案不合理等问题都在一定范围内影响着水库整体效益的发挥；针对基层水管站运营管理经验，文章对努尔加水库工程建设情况和目前运行情况进行归纳总结，并提高努尔加水库的运行安全性与供水安全保障水平有一定参考意义，也可为西北干旱区类似中小型水库的运营管理提供实践参考。

Abstract

Nuerjia Reservoir is an important medium-sized water conservancy facility in the Santun River Basin of Changji City, Xinjiang. It serves multiple functions, including urban and rural water supply, flood control and regulation, agricultural irrigation, and ecological water replenishment, and plays a significant role in local water resource allocation and economic development. However, due to its long period of operation, a number of problems have emerged in its operation and management. For example, there is only one access road to the reservoir, making entry and exit difficult under extreme weather conditions; urban water supply depends on a single diversion channel, which makes regular safety inspection and maintenance difficult; sediment deposition in the reservoir area has reduced its effective storage capacity; the quality of urban and rural water supply does not meet the requirements of high-standard farmland; and the water supply regulation scheme for the irrigation district is not sufficiently rational. These issues, to a certain extent, affect the overall effectiveness of the reservoir. Based on the operational management experience of grassroots water management stations, this paper summarizes the construction and current operation of Nuerjia Reservoir. The study is of certain reference value for improving the operational safety of Nuerjia Reservoir and the security of its water supply, and it can also provide practical reference for the operation and management of similar small and medium-sized reservoirs in arid regions of northwestern China.