Cost Management in the Implementation Stage of Water Conservancy Engineering Construction Projects
水利工程建设项目实施阶段的造价管理

摘要

水利工程项目投资数额巨大、建设周期漫长、现场条件恶劣、不确定因素较多的特点，使得其建设项目的造价管控直接影响着整个水利项目的经济效益。本文围绕着水利工程建设项目的实施过程中的造价管理展开讨论，在此基础上对造价构成因素以及影响造价的主要因素进行了归纳总结，指出现行造价管理水平存在定额标准老化过时、动态成本监管难度大、信息化水平低等问题，着重阐述了如何合理进行施工组织设计编制、有效地进行工程变更和签证管理和加强进度与成本的协调控制等相关技术方法，最后提出利用BIM技术、大数据和云计算等信息技术手段实现造价管理的方法途径。研究显示，建立信息化背景下的动态工程造价管理系统，由事后把关转向事前预警、由粗放型控制到精细化管控是提高水利工程造价管理工作的主要途径。

Abstract

Water conservancy engineering projects are characterized by large investment amounts, long construction periods, harsh site conditions, and numerous uncertainties, making cost control during construction directly influential on the overall economic benefits of such projects. This paper discusses cost management in the implementation process of water conservancy engineering construction projects. On this basis, it summarizes the components of project cost and the main factors affecting cost, and points out existing problems in current cost management, including outdated quota standards, difficulties in dynamic cost supervision, and a low level of informatization. The paper focuses on technical methods such as reasonably preparing construction organization designs, effectively managing engineering changes and site visas, and strengthening coordinated control between progress and cost. Finally, it proposes approaches to cost management through information technologies such as BIM, big data, and cloud computing. The study shows that establishing a dynamic engineering cost management system under the background of informatization, shifting from post-event control to pre-event warning and from extensive control to refined management, is a major way to improve cost management in water conservancy engineering.