Research on Structural Design Methods for Buildings under Complex Geological Conditions
复杂地质条件下建筑结构设计方法研究

摘要

针对复杂地质条件下的建筑工程结构设计所遇到的问题，在对软土地基、岩溶土层、山体和高地下水等不良地质条件下的工程特性以及其对建筑结构设计的影响进行探讨后，基于地基-基础-上部结构共同工作原理而提出多因耦合分析法以及性能设计的思想理念，建立了由地基加固、基础选择、上部结构设计和抗震防灾设计构成的核心技术框架体系。并用数模等智能技术手段来研究在工程实践中如何进行风险管理。研究发现，在计算中考虑协同作用时的基础最大沉降比不考虑协同作用时的小，在基坑开挖过程中考虑协同作用时的基桩的最大差异沉降比不考虑协同作用时的大，协同作用使得基桩产生较为显著的内力重分布，考虑协同作用时沿结构纵向外侧基桩应力大于不考虑协同作用时，而在中部地区的基桩应力比不考虑协同作用时更小一些。研究结果可以给复杂地基上的建筑物构筑物的设计带来理论指导和经验借鉴。

Abstract

In view of the problems encountered in structural design for building projects under complex geological conditions, this paper discusses the engineering characteristics of unfavorable geological conditions, including soft soil foundations, karst strata, mountainous terrain, and high groundwater levels, as well as their impacts on structural design. Based on the principle of the coordinated interaction among the ground, foundation, and superstructure, the paper proposes a multi-factor coupling analysis method and a performance-based design concept, and establishes a core technical framework consisting of ground improvement, foundation selection, superstructure design, and seismic and disaster-resilience design. Intelligent technologies such as numerical modeling are also used to examine risk management approaches in engineering practice. The study finds that when interaction effects are considered in calculation, the maximum foundation settlement is smaller than that calculated without considering such effects. During foundation pit excavation, the maximum differential settlement of piles is greater when interaction effects are considered than when they are not. The interaction effect leads to significant redistribution of internal forces in foundation piles. When interaction effects are considered, the stress of piles on the outer side along the longitudinal direction of the structure is greater than that calculated without considering interaction effects, while the stress of piles in the middle area is relatively smaller. The research results can provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for the design of buildings and structures on complex foundations.