Risk Management and Control Strategies in Civil Engineering Construction
土木工程施工中的风险管理与控制策略

摘要

土建工程建设项目投入资金巨大、建设工期较长、技术难度较高、涉及面广等特点尤为突出，在施工过程中会受到工程技术、项目管理、环境影响、安全管理以及经济影响等因素的影响，本文从五个方面阐述了土建工程项目的五大风险因素的发生机理及影响方式，并据此建立相应的风险管理措施体系。通过对施工人员的安全知识匮乏、机械设备状态差、制度不够健全等方面原因造成安全隐患的认识，以及对深基坑等复杂工程的安全风险因素繁多而相互之间存在相互联系等问题的认识，从而采取有效的系统化的安全管理措施来加以处理。文中提出的“识别—评价—控制—监督”的闭环管理机制能够给施工企业的风险管理水平提高提供一个理论及实践经验借鉴。

Abstract

 Civil engineering construction projects are characterized by large capital investment, long construction periods, high technical difficulty, and wide-ranging project involvement. During construction, such projects are affected by factors related to engineering technology, project management, environmental conditions, safety management, and economic conditions. This paper discusses the occurrence mechanisms and modes of influence of five major risk factors in civil engineering projects, and on this basis establishes a corresponding system of risk management measures. By identifying safety hazards caused by insufficient safety knowledge among construction personnel, poor mechanical equipment conditions, and incomplete management systems, as well as recognizing that complex projects such as deep foundation pits involve numerous and interrelated safety risk factors, the paper proposes effective and systematic safety management measures for risk control. The closed-loop management mechanism of “identification–evaluation–control–supervision” proposed in this paper can provide theoretical and practical reference for improving the risk management level of construction enterprises.