Analysis of Green Prevention and Control Technologies for Crop Diseases and Pests

摘要

Abstract

Against the background of sustainable development in modern agriculture, green prevention and control technologies for crop diseases and pests constitute an important pathway for ensuring food security and maintaining coordinated ecological development. Using literature review, field investigation, and data analysis, this paper summarizes the development status, major types, and application effects of green prevention and control technologies. Green prevention and control mainly include four categories: biological control, physical control, ecological regulation, and scientific pesticide application. Biological control is implemented through natural enemy insects and microbial pesticides; physical control is conducted by means of colored sticky board trapping and sex pheromone trapping; ecological source regulation is achieved by optimizing crop layout and breeding disease-resistant varieties; and scientific pesticide reduction is promoted through precise pesticide application. Practices in typical regions show that the integration of multiple technologies can reduce pesticide use by 30%–50% and increase crop yield by 5%–15%, while also improving the quality of agricultural products and reducing ecological pollution. At present, the promotion of these technologies still faces challenges such as inconsistent standards, relatively high implementation costs, and insufficient farmer acceptance. Accordingly, this paper proposes countermeasures including improving technical standards, strengthening agricultural technology publicity and training, improving policy support mechanisms, and promoting industrialized development, so as to provide theoretical and practical reference for the popularization and application of green prevention and control technologies.