Application of Intelligent Technologies in Building Electrical Design
智能化技术在建筑电气设计中的应用

摘要

智能化技术和建筑电气设计结合，对建筑物能源管理、安全防范及运营管理方式产生影响。从技术上讲，楼宇自 动化、通讯自动化、安防自动化以物联网、云计算以及人工智能为基础，形成了包括感知层、网络层、平台层以及应 用层的技术框架。从主要功能上看，智能照明、智能供配电、消防自动化、安防监控与楼宇自动化等系统均可以通过 一个中心控制系统进行信息互通与协调控制，在传统建筑中各个子系统各自为战的局面被打破。从发展困境来看，系 统兼容性差、网络安全问题、缺乏统一的标准规范以及缺少专业的人才是阻碍这个行业进步的主要原因；而从发展趋 势来看，BIM 技术与电气设计的结合、物联网无处不在的连接、人工智能的预知维护以及以节能减排为目标的能量管 理等都会让未来的建筑物电气系统更加智能化、自我演化甚至实现碳中和。

Abstract

The integration of intelligent technologies with building electrical design has an important impact on building energy management, security protection, and operation management. From a technical perspective, building automation, communication automation, and security automation are based on the Internet of Things, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, forming a technical framework that includes the perception layer, network layer, platform layer, and application layer. In terms of main functions, systems such as intelligent lighting, intelligent power supply and distribution, fire protection automation, security monitoring, and building automation can realize information exchange and coordinated control through a central control system, breaking the traditional situation in which various subsystems in buildings operate independently. In terms of development difficulties, poor system compatibility, cybersecurity risks, the lack of unified standards and specifications, and insufficient professional talent are the main factors hindering industry progress. In terms of development trends, the integration of BIM technology with electrical design, ubiquitous connectivity enabled by the Internet of Things, predictive maintenance driven by artificial intelligence, and energy management aimed at energy conservation and emission reduction will make future building electrical systems more intelligent, self-evolving, and even capable of supporting carbon neutrality.