Application of a Towed High-Resolution Transient Electromagnetic System in Seepage Detection of Hongze Lake Levees
拖曳式高分辨瞬变电磁系统在洪泽湖堤防渗漏检测中的应用研究

摘要

洪河湖复合土质老堤普遍存在多层杂填土与深部透水砂层交互赋存的地层结构，隐蔽渗流通道识别长期面临探测 深度不足、巡检效率偏低的现实难题。以洪泽湖Ⅰ级防洪大堤为研究载体，本文针对性开发车载拖曳式瞬变电磁成套 探测系统，完成60A大功率发射单元、屏蔽减震接收线圈硬件适配优化，依托现场地层实测参数搭建三维电性仿真模 型，配套渗漏定量算法与数字孪生渗流分析平台，形成本地化完整监测技术框架。对照仿真结果表明，该设备对3～28m 区间渗流通道空间匹配度约93.7m，参数计算误差控制在 0.8m。整套软硬件一体化方案可为国内同类型多层历史土堤 长效渗漏普查提供可参照的装备优化思路与标准化监测范式。 

Abstract

Old composite earth levees around Hongze Lake commonly feature stratigraphic structures in which multiple layers of miscellaneous fill coexist with deep permeable sand layers. The identification of hidden seepage channels has long faced practical difficulties such as insufficient detection depth and low inspection efficiency. Taking the Grade I flood-control levee of Hongze Lake as the research carrier, this paper develops a vehicle-mounted towed transient electromagnetic integrated detection system. Hardware adaptation and optimization are completed for a 60 A high-power transmitting unit and a shielded vibration-damping receiving coil. Based on measured on-site stratigraphic parameters, a three-dimensional electrical simulation model is established, and a quantitative seepage algorithm and a digital-twin seepage analysis platform are integrated to form a complete localized monitoring technology framework. Comparison with simulation results shows that the equipment achieves a spatial matching degree of approximately 93.7% for seepage channels within the depth range of 3–28 m, and the parameter calculation error is controlled within 0.8 m. The integrated software–hardware solution can provide a referential equipment optimization approach and a standardized monitoring paradigm for long-term seepage surveys of similar multilayer historical earth levees in China.