Research on Contract Risk Transmission and Prevention and Control Mechanisms in Safety Management of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Projects under the EPC General Contracting Model
EPC总承包模式下水利水电工程安全管理的合同风险传导与防控机制研究

摘要

水利水电工程水文工况复杂、临水高危作业集中，EPC总承包模式下多方安全权责依托契约划分，契约外生安全 风险已成为工程安全事故及履约纠纷的核心诱因。本文依托不完全契约理论与链式风险传导理论，界定施工技术内生 风险与缔约外生契约风险的核心概念，立足项目全生命周期识别四类阶段性合同安全风险，剖析三维风险传导路径与 演化规律，研判合同范本适配不足、分包管控粗放等行业痛点，构建四维全周期闭环防控体系。研究旨在均衡参建主 体风险分担边界，补齐水利专属合同安全条款短板，为中小型水利EPC项目契约安全治理提供理论参考与实操依据。

Abstract

Water conservancy and hydropower projects involve complex hydrological conditions and concentrated high-risk operations near water. Under the EPC general contracting model, the safety rights and responsibilities of multiple parties are divided through contracts, and exogenous contractual safety risks have become a core cause of engineering safety accidents and performance disputes. Based on incomplete contract theory and chain risk transmission theory, this paper defines the core concepts of endogenous risks in construction technology and exogenous contractual risks in contracting. From the perspective of the whole project life cycle, it identifies four types of phase-based contractual safety risks, analyzes three-dimensional risk transmission paths and evolutionary patterns, and examines industry pain points such as insufficient adaptability of contract templates and extensive subcontracting control. On this basis, a four-dimensional whole-cycle closed-loop prevention and control system is constructed. The study aims to balance the risk-sharing boundaries among project participants, address shortcomings in water conservancy-specific contractual safety clauses, and provide theoretical reference and practical basis for contractual safety governance in small and medium-sized water conservancy EPC projects.