Open Access Article
Contemporary Natural Sciences DOI: .
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发布时间: 2026-08-19 总浏览量: 31
Heavy metals in aquatic environments are persistent, readily transported, and capable of accumulating in sediments and living organisms. This paper analyzes major pollution sources, including industrial discharges, mining activities, agricultural runoff, and urban surface runoff; summarizes the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the aqueous phase, particulate matter, and sediments; and discusses their chemical speciation, bioavailability, and transfer through food chains. On the basis of a comparison among water-quality compliance assessment, sediment-contamination assessment, and biological-effects assessment, the paper proposes measures involving multimedia monitoring, source-specific pollution control, and the zoned management of contaminated sediments.
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