Open Access Article
Contemporary Natural Sciences DOI: .
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发布时间: 2026-08-19 总浏览量: 28
Microplastics have become widely distributed in rivers, lakes, and sediments and can be ingested by aquatic organisms. Drawing on surveys of representative lakes and urban water bodies as well as zebrafish experiments, this paper analyzes the sources, transport and environmental fate, spatial variation, and ecological effects of microplastics. Available evidence indicates that their distribution is jointly controlled by human activities, hydrodynamic conditions, particle size, and biofilm formation. Fibers and small particles are particularly common. Microplastics can cause tissue accumulation, oxidative stress, and metabolic disturbances, although substantial differences remain between laboratory exposure conditions and actual environmental scenarios. Future research should standardize monitoring methods, strengthen long-term multimedia investigations, and validate risks at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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