Research on Fire Protection Power Supply and Emergency Lighting Systems in Electrical Design
电气设计中消防电源与应急照明系统研究

摘要

消防电源及应急照明系统构成了建筑电气消防的重要环节，它的稳定性直接影响着火时人们是否能够顺利逃生以 及消防设备是否能保持正常运作。如果消防供电电源突然断电，将使得消防水泵、排烟风机、防火卷帘门、火灾自动 报警系统等一系列重要的消防装置无法得到电力支持，大大降低了建筑体总的抗灾能力水平；同时应急疏散指示灯具 布置失误或者不够明亮也会使得逃生路线难以辨认从而堵塞甚至踩踏。基于现行规范及相关规定的要求，针对目前建 筑工程中普遍存在的消防供电不稳定、应急照明布置错误、联动控制功能差、系统测试不合格、后期维护保养滞后等 现象进行了剖析讨论。在此基础上提出了优化消防用电配置、加强双回路切换及备用电源防护、正确安置疏散应急指 示灯和标识标牌、强化系统的智能监控和联动控制、建立完善的常规巡查与维护制度、推广使用科学节能低碳高效型 电气消防产品等措施来增强建筑电气消防安全性可靠性。 

Abstract

 Fire protection power supply and emergency lighting systems are important components of building electrical fire protection, and their stability directly affects whether people can evacuate safely in the event of a fire and whether fire protection equipment can remain in normal operation. If the fire protection power supply is suddenly interrupted, important fire protection devices such as fire pumps, smoke exhaust fans, fire shutters, and automatic fire alarm systems will lose power support, greatly reducing the overall disaster resistance capacity of the building. At the same time, improper layout or insufficient brightness of emergency evacuation indicator lamps may make escape routes difficult to identify, leading to congestion or even stampede accidents. Based on the requirements of current codes and relevant regulations, this paper analyzes common problems in building projects, including unstable fire protection power supply, improper emergency lighting layout, poor linkage control functions, unqualified system testing, and delayed later-stage maintenance. On this basis, measures are proposed to enhance the safety and reliability of building electrical fire protection, including optimizing fire protection power configuration, strengthening dual-circuit switching and standby power supply protection, properly arranging evacuation emergency indicator lamps and signage, enhancing intelligent monitoring and linkage control of the system, establishing a sound routine inspection and maintenance system, and promoting the use of scientific, energy-saving, low-carbon, and efficient electrical fire protection products.