Analysis of Blood Glucose Fluctuation Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
2 型糖尿病患者血糖波动特征及影响因素分析

摘要

分析2型糖尿病患者血糖波动特征及其影响因素。方法：结合持续葡萄糖监测指标，从生理、生活方式、 治疗及疾病状态等方面进行综合分析。结果：患者常表现为餐后高峰、夜间低血糖、黎明现象及日间高低血糖 交替。病程延长、胰岛β细胞功能下降、饮食不规律、药物作用与肾功能减退等均可增加波动。结论：血糖 波动评价应联合目标范围内时间、变异系数及低血糖时间，并根据主要波动时段和诱因实施个体化管理。

Abstract

To analyze the characteristics of blood glucose fluctuations and their influencing factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Continuous glucose monitoring indicators were combined to conduct a comprehensive analysis from the perspectives of physiological factors, lifestyle, treatment, and disease status. Results: Patients commonly exhibited postprandial glucose peaks, nocturnal hypoglycemia, the dawn phenomenon, and alternating hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia during the daytime. Longer disease duration, declining pancreatic β-cell function, irregular dietary patterns, medication effects, and impaired renal function were all associated with increased glycemic variability. Conclusion: The assessment of blood glucose fluctuations should integrate time in range, coefficient of variation, and time below range, with individualized management implemented according to the predominant periods of fluctuation and their major contributing factors.