Technical System and Implementation Framework for the Resource Utilization of Construction Waste
建筑废弃物资源化利用技术体系与实施框架

摘要

随着我国城市化与建筑业快速发展，建筑垃圾产量持续增长，传统填埋、堆放方式已难以满足环保与可持续发展要求。本文采用文献综述、实地调研与案例分析等方法，总结建筑垃圾资源化利用技术，构建了涵盖分类回收、预处理、深加工及产品应用的完整技术路线图。研究表明，建筑垃圾资源化技术体系主要包括源头减量、分拣分离、破碎筛分、杂质去除和再生产品制备五大关键技术，其落地实施需依托政策法规、标准规范、市场机制与产业协作四大保障。结合典型城市实践，提出 “政府引导、市场运作、技术支撑、全民参与” 的实施路径，构建前端收集、中端处理、后端利用的闭环利用体系。健全资源化利用技术与实施机制，可有效治理建筑垃圾，兼具经济与社会效益，推动建筑业绿色发展与循环经济建设。

Abstract

With the rapid development of urbanization and the construction industry in China, the output of construction waste has continued to increase, and traditional methods such as landfill and open piling can no longer meet the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development. Using methods including literature review, field investigation, and case analysis, this paper summarizes the technologies for the resource utilization of construction waste and constructs a complete technical roadmap covering classified collection, pretreatment, deep processing, and product application. The study shows that the technical system for construction waste resource utilization mainly includes five key technologies: source reduction, sorting and separation, crushing and screening, impurity removal, and recycled product preparation. Its practical implementation needs to rely on four major guarantees: policies and regulations, standards and specifications, market mechanisms, and industrial collaboration. Based on practices in typical cities, this paper proposes an implementation pathway characterized by “government guidance, market operation, technical support, and public participation,” and builds a closed-loop utilization system consisting of front-end collection, midstream treatment, and back-end utilization. Improving the technology system and implementation mechanism for resource utilization can effectively address construction waste, generate both economic and social benefits, and promote the green development of the construction industry and the development of a circular economy.