Spatial Accuracy Detection of Five-Axis Simultaneous Laser Machine Tools Using Dual Laser Trackers
跟踪仪五轴联动激光机床空间精度检测

摘要

针对高精度加工需求，探索利用双激光跟踪仪检测五轴联动激光机床空间精度的新方法。采用RTCP联动精度测 试技术，通过双激光跟踪仪同步采集机床各轴运动数据，运用多项式曲线拟合及最小二乘法计算误差，对B轴、C轴 及整体空间轨迹进行综合分析。实验数据显示，B轴和C轴误差均控制在0.012～0.022 mm 范围内，全轨迹最大误差 约0.057 mm，经几何误差补偿后精度显著提升。该检测技术可有效评价机床在复杂加工过程中的运动特性，为高精度 加工提供可靠测量依据，并为后续误差补偿与系统优化提供理论支持。

Abstract

 To meet the demands of high-precision machining, this paper explores a new method for detecting the spatial accuracy of five-axis simultaneous laser machine tools using dual laser trackers. Based on RTCP simultaneous accuracy testing technology, dual laser trackers are used to synchronously collect motion data from each axis of the machine tool. Polynomial curve fitting and the least squares method are then applied to calculate errors, followed by a comprehensive analysis of the B-axis, C-axis, and overall spatial trajectory. Experimental data show that the errors of both the B-axis and C-axis are controlled within the range of 0.012–0.022 mm, while the maximum error of the full trajectory is approximately 0.057 mm. After geometric error compensation, the accuracy is significantly improved. This detection technology can effectively evaluate the motion characteristics of machine tools during complex machining processes, provide a reliable measurement basis for high-precision machining, and offer theoretical support for subsequent error compensation and system optimization.