Analysis of Safety Risk Identification and Control Countermeasures in Water Conservancy Project Construction Management
水利工程施工管理中的安全风险识别与控制对策分析

摘要

水利工程施工环境复杂、涉及专业广泛，施工过程中的安全风险具有显著的系统性和动态性特征。系统梳理了水 利工程施工中高边坡与深基坑、导流围堰及爆破、机械设备及高空作业、洪水及极端天气等四类主要安全风险类型， 分析了现场调查与安全检查表法、动态风险识别机制等识别方法的适用性。针对当前水利工程施工安全管理中存在的 制度落实与现场监督不到位、人员安全意识与培训不足等问题，提出了完善安全管理体系与监督机制、加强危险源动 态监测与预警、提升安全教育与智能化管理水平、建立应急救援与极端天气防控机制等控制对策。研究结果表明，构 建覆盖施工全过程的风险识别与动态管控体系，是提升水利工程施工安全水平的关键路径，对同类工程具有参考价值。

Abstract

The construction environment of water conservancy projects is complex and involves a wide range of professional fields, and safety risks during construction show significant systematic and dynamic characteristics. This paper systematically reviews four major types of safety risks in water conservancy project construction, including high slopes and deep foundation pits, diversion cofferdams and blasting operations, mechanical equipment and high-altitude operations, as well as floods and extreme weather. It also analyzes the applicability of identification methods such as on-site investigation, safety checklist methods, and dynamic risk identification mechanisms. In response to current problems in construction safety management of water conservancy projects, such as inadequate implementation of management systems and on-site supervision, as well as insufficient safety awareness and training among personnel, this paper proposes control countermeasures including improving the safety management system and supervision mechanism, strengthening dynamic monitoring and early warning of hazard sources, enhancing safety education and intelligent management, and establishing emergency rescue mechanisms and prevention systems for extreme weather. The results show that building a risk identification and dynamic control system covering the entire construction process is a key path for improving the safety level of water conservancy project construction and provides reference value for similar projects.