Exploration of Management Paths for Optimized Allocation and Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Grassroots Irrigation Districts
基层灌区水资源优化配置与高效利用管理路径探究

摘要

基层灌区是保证粮食安全的骨干工程设施，促使它由粗放型的管理走向精细化、集约化和高效化的管 理方式是实现农业高质量发展所必需的要求。本文立足干旱区大型平原灌区实际，通过对基层灌区水资源配 置基本要求的梳理，从配置机制和用水调度两个方面分析管理现状，找出统筹协调不足、调度精准化有待提高、 工程管护和节水衔接不畅、信息化支撑薄弱等存在的问题。典型的灌区实行“水量包干、流量包段”的管理模式， 摸排用水需求，严查跑冒滴漏，保证最后一公里的灌溉。在此基础上，从完善统筹调度机制、优化精细灌溉计划、 加强工程管护协同、提高数字监测水平四个方面提出管理途径，以供灌区现代化管理之用。

Abstract

Grassroots irrigation districts are backbone engineering facilities for ensuring food security, and promoting their transformation from extensive management toward refined, intensive, and efficient management is a necessary requirement for realizing high-quality agricultural development. Based on the actual conditions of large plain irrigation districts in arid areas, this paper reviews the basic requirements for water resource allocation in grassroots irrigation districts, analyzes the current management status from the perspectives of allocation mechanisms and water use dispatching, and identifies existing problems such as insufficient overall coordination, a need to improve dispatching precision, poor linkage between engineering management and maintenance and water saving, and weak informatization support. Typical irrigation districts adopt a management model of “fixed water volume responsibility and segmented flow responsibility,” investigate water use demand, strictly control water leakage and loss, and ensure irrigation in the final kilometer. On this basis, management paths are proposed from four aspects: improving the overall dispatching mechanism, optimizing refined irrigation plans, strengthening coordination in engineering management and maintenance, and improving the level of digital monitoring, so as to support the modernization of irrigation district management.