Research on Structural Optimization and Engineering Application of Assembled Steel Pedestals
装配式钢台座结构优化与工程应用研究

摘要

预制梁场钢台座长期采用整体焊接结构，转运困难、局部磕碰即报废、振捣振动无缓冲，这几个问题 在新疆地区多点流转的路桥项目里尤其突出。笔者所在团队依托实际工程，对钢台座做了模块化拆分改造： 上下台座体中间夹设带橡胶块的分隔连板，靠矩形卡块卡槽定位、螺纹卡杆锁紧；台座两侧设卡位块与卡位 槽，实现多台座侧向无焊接拼接。本文结合某高速预制梁场6套试点台座的装配、使用、拆解全流程，给出 具体装配参数、有限元验算结果和现场问题处置经验。试点数据表明，单套拼装时间从传统的 4~6 h 压缩至 1.5 h 左右，转运成本下降约 42%，设备全周期损耗成本降低约 31%，台面平整度稳定在 0.8 mm 以内，可满 足 20 m、25 m 小箱梁预制要求。

Abstract

Steel pedestals in precast beam yards have long adopted integral welded structures, resulting in difficulties in transportation, scrapping after local collision damage, and lack of buffering against vibration during concrete compaction. These problems are particularly prominent in road and bridge projects involving multi-site transfer in Xinjiang. Based on practical engineering applications, the authors’ team carried out modular splitting and reconstruction of steel pedestals. A separating connecting plate with rubber blocks was arranged between the upper and lower pedestal bodies, positioning was achieved through rectangular clamping blocks and grooves, and locking was completed by threaded clamping rods. Clamping blocks and grooves were arranged on both sides of the pedestal to realize lateral non-welded splicing of multiple pedestals. Taking six pilot pedestals in a highway precast beam yard as the application case, this paper presents specific assembly parameters, finite element verification results, and field problem-handling experience throughout the whole process of assembly, use, and disassembly. The pilot data show that the assembly time of a single pedestal was reduced from the traditional 4–6 h to about 1.5 h, the transportation cost decreased by about 42%, the full-cycle equipment loss cost decreased by about 31%, and the flatness of the pedestal surface remained within 0.8 mm, meeting the precast requirements of 20 m and 25 m small box girders.