Research on Analysis of Water Conveyance and Distribution Losses and Improvement of Dispatching Operation Efficiency in Irrigation Districts
灌区输配水损失分析与调度运行效率提升研究

摘要

灌区输配水系统是农业水资源高效利用的关键部分，渠道输水渗漏、蒸发损失、配水调度效率损失为 主要的损失来源。目前灌区存在着工程设施维护不到位、配水计划与用水需求不能很好地对接、监测信息反 馈慢、管理机制同节水目标缺乏联动等问题。渠道衬砌后渗漏损失可减少60%～90%，渠系水利用系数可提高 10% 以上。数字孪生灌区可以达到水量调度和工程运行的精准化、智能化。从完善工程设施与节水改造、改善 配水计划及调度管理、加大过程监测和信息化调度、加强运行管理与绩效考评四个途径给出综合性举措，给 灌区水资源高效利用给予参照。

Abstract

The water conveyance and distribution system of irrigation districts is a key component for the efficient utilization of agricultural water resources. Canal seepage, evaporation loss, and efficiency loss in water distribution dispatching are the main sources of water loss. At present, irrigation districts still face problems such as inadequate maintenance of engineering facilities, poor connection between water distribution plans and actual water demand, slow feedback of monitoring information, and insufficient linkage between management mechanisms and water saving goals. After canal lining, seepage loss can be reduced by 60%–90%, and the water utilization coefficient of canal systems can be increased by more than 10%. Digital twin irrigation districts can realize more precise and intelligent water dispatching and engineering operation. Comprehensive measures are proposed from four aspects: improving engineering facilities and water-saving renovation, optimizing water distribution planning and dispatching management, strengthening process monitoring and informatized dispatching, and enhancing operation management and performance evaluation, providing reference for the efficient utilization of water resources in irrigation districts.