Research on Earth-Rock Compaction Construction Technology and Quality Control Techniques for Small and Medium-Sized Reservoir Dams
中小型水库大坝土石方碾压施工工艺及质量控制技术研究

摘要

中小型水库是基层水利防洪、灌溉、供水的核心基础设施，土石坝填筑碾压质量直接决定坝体结构 稳定性与防渗安全性。为解决中小型水库施工场地受限、填料波动大、现场管控薄弱、压实不均匀等常见问 题，本文结合水利工程施工规范，系统梳理土石方碾压标准化施工流程，优化填料预处理、分层摊铺、碾压 作业、接缝处理等关键工艺，深入分析碾压施工质量缺陷成因，构建事前、事中、事后全过程精细化质量控 制体系。结合工程实践验证，该工艺与管控方案可有效提升坝体压实均匀度，降低沉降、渗漏病害概率，对 中小型水库大坝标准化施工具有较高的推广应用价值。

Abstract

Small and medium-sized reservoirs are core infrastructure for grassroots water conservancy functions such as flood control, irrigation, and water supply, and the quality of earth-rock dam filling and compaction directly determines the structural stability and seepage control safety of the dam body. To address common problems in the construction of small and medium-sized reservoirs, such as limited construction sites, large fluctuations in filling materials, weak on site control, and uneven compaction, this paper systematically reviews the standardized construction process of earth rock compaction in combination with water conservancy engineering construction specifications. It optimizes key procedures such as filling material pretreatment, layered spreading, compaction operations, and joint treatment, deeply analyzes the causes of quality defects in compaction construction, and constructs a refined whole-process quality control system covering pre-construction, in-process, and post-construction stages. Engineering practice verifies that the proposed technology and control scheme can effectively improve the uniformity of dam compaction and reduce the probability of settlement and seepage defects, showing high promotion and application value for standardized construction of small and medium-sized reservoir dams.